Leven der dieren 2-8 Insekten|B. Grzimek 9027486212

||boek: Het leven der dieren Deel 2-8 Insekten|Michael Abs|Salim Ali|Rudolf Altevogt|Renate Angermann|Edward A. Armstrong|...|Het Spectrum

||door: Bernhard Grzimek

||taal: nl
||jaar: 1974
||druk: 1982
||pag.: 747p
||opm.: hardcover|zo goed als nieuw|flap:scheurtjes

||isbn: 90-274-8621-2
||code: 2:000255

--- Over het boek (foto 1): Het leven der dieren Deel 2-8 Insekten ---

Het leven der dieren is een encyclopedie onder redactie van Bernhard Grzimek die in 1969 verscheen. Het is een omvangrijk naslagwerk bestaande uit een beschrijving van alle bekende groepen van dierlijke organismen. De encyclopedie bevat soortbeschrijvingen van zo'n 8000 diersoorten en is voorzien van duizenden afbeeldingen.

Grzimeks dierenencyclopedie bestaat uit dertien delen:

Deel 1: Lagere dieren
Deel 2: Insecten
Deel 3: Weekdieren en stekelhuidigen
Deel 4: Vissen I
Deel 5: Vissen II en amfibieën
Deel 6: Reptielen
Deel 7: Vogels 1
Deel 8: Vogels 2
Deel 9: Vogels 3
Deel 10: Zoogdieren 1
Deel 11: Zoogdieren 2
Deel 12: Zoogdieren 3
Deel 13: Zoogdieren 4

De oorspronkelijke Duitstalige versie bevatte nog drie verdere delen, die ontwikkeling, gedrag en milieu behandelen. Die ook in het Nederlands verschenen.

In 2009 verscheen ook een online-versie waarop men zich kan abonneren.

[bron: wikipedia]

Het leven der dieren. Encyclopedie van het dierenrijk

Bernhard Grzimek [e.a.] - Het Leven der Dieren; Encyclopedie van het dierenrijk - Utrecht - Uitgeverij Het Spectrum - 1973-1976 - 16 delen - 10800 pp. - Kunstleder banden met stofomslag.

Oorspronkelijke titel: Grzimeks Tierleben. Enzyklopädie des Tierreiches (1968-1974). "De Grzimek" is een begrip en tot heden onovertroffen door de professionaliteit en overzichtelijkheid van de tekst en hoge kwaliteit van het beeldmateriaal, zowel (schematische) tekeningen als fotografie. Elk deel bevat een uitgebreide bibliografie, een namenlijst (latijn-nederlands, engels, duits, frans) en register.

De delen over Insecten (2) en Reptielen (6) gelden als zo gezaghebbend dat ze als op zichzelf staande standaardwerken beschouwd worden. Deel 16 werd mede geredigeerd door Maarten 't Hart.

De complete serie omvat :

• Lagere dieren
• Insecten
• Weekdieren & Stekelhuidigen
• Vissen 1
• Vissen 2 & Amfibieën
• Reptielen
• Vogels 1
• Vogels 2
• Vogels 3
• Zoogdieren 1
• Zoogdieren 2
• Zoogdieren 3
• Zoogdieren 4
• Oorsprong en ontwikkeling
• Milieu
• Gedrag

De serie werd in de jaren '70 huis aan huis verspreid via colportage. De verkoop was zo succesvol dat sommige verkopers meer verdienden dan de directeur van de uitgeverij. Het is niet bekend hoeveel drukken zijn verschenen maar het moeten er zeer veel zijn geweest.

[bron: https--www.lastdodo.nl]

--- Over (foto 2): Bernhard Grzimek ---

Bernhard Klemens Maria Grzimek (Neisse (Opper-Silezië), Duitse Keizerrijk, tegenwoordig Nysa, Polen, 24 april 1909 - Frankfurt am Main, 13 maart 1987) was een Duitse bioloog en documentairemaker.

In de jaren zestig en zeventig was hij door zijn regelmatig verschijnen op televisie een van de populairste zoölogen (dierkundigen) van het toenmalige West-Duitsland.

Grzimek was lange tijd een dierenarts, later werd hij langdurig dierentuindirecteur in Frankfurt am Main, succesvol filmer van dieren en auteur en heruitgever van vele beroemde boeken over dieren, en van de naar hem genoemde dierenencyclopedie, in Nederland beter bekend als Het leven der dieren.

Van 1970 tot 1973 was Grzimek eveneens werkzaam als natuurbeschermer namens de Duitse regering. In 1975 richtte hij samen met Horst Stern en negentien andere milieubeschermers de Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland (afgekort BUND) op. Voorts was hij tot aan zijn overlijden voorzitter van de zoölogische vereniging van de stad Frankfurt am Main.

Grzimek won een Oscar voor zijn documentaire Serengeti Shall Not Die bij de 32ste Oscaruitreiking in 1960. Bernhard Grzimek overleed op 77-jarige leeftijd.

[bron: wikipedia]

Bernhard Grzimek was one of the key architects of nature conservation - both in Germany and abroad. In the 1950s he was already pointing out the problems that humanity would come to face: the massive extinction of species, the rapid loss of natural habitat, and the increasing demand for natural resources.

In Germany in particular, he turned nature conservation into a prominent issue and put it on the political agenda. He supported the first national park in Germany (Bavarian Forest), was the first commissioner for nature conservation of the German government, and co-founder of numerous environmental organizations.

His television shows, his magazine and his books aroused a keen interest in nature and animals in multiple generations. He laid the foundations for the green movement and helped popularize nature conservation in Germany

His efforts to protect the Serengeti National Park in Tanzania received worldwide attention. As an author and movie and television personality, he presented his conservation ideas and his personal convictions to an audience of millions. Many of his views have since become part of the scientific consensus, others need to be viewed more critically.

Frankfurt Zoo

Bernhard Grzimek was born in Silesia in 1909. The young veterinarian arrived in Frankfurt shortly before the end of World War II. The city's zoo had been completely destroyed, but he was appointed its new director in 1945. He invested a great deal of time in its reconstruction, attempting to make the enclosures as animal-friendly as possible. In doing so, he turned Frankfurt Zoo into one of the most modern zoos of its time. In 1950 he founded the "Gesellschaft der Freunde und Förderer des Zoologischen Gartens e. V." (Society of Friends and Supporters of the Zoological Garden) to support the zoo. Years later this was renamed the "Zoologische Gesellschaft Frankfurt von 1858 e. V." (Frankfurt Zoological Society).

Ever eager to cement the ongoing success of the zoo, Grzimek was constantly on the lookout for new species. In 1951, he embarked upon his first visit to Africa to learn more about the natural habitats of the continent's wild animals and to return with some to Frankfurt Zoo. The first documentary films were made from the film recordings which Bernhard Grzimek and his son Michael made during these trips.

Grzimek and the Serengeti

At the end of 1957, Bernhard Grzimek and his son Michael traveled from Egelsbach in Hesse to Tanganyika (now Tanzania) in a small zebra-striped plane with the registration code D-ENTE. The father-and-son team were keen to explore the great migration of wildebeest, zebra and antelope in the Serengeti. They counted wildlife from the aircraft window, flying over the Serengeti in pre-defined transects in order to cover the vast area. This was a new method at the time, and a similar form is still used today for large animal counts.

Tanganyika was still under the control of the British colonial government in 1959. Bernhard and Michael wanted to prove that its plans to change the boundaries of the Serengeti National Park would be fatal for the animals. Despite their global success with "Serengeti Shall Not Die", which created a worldwide front against the border change, the policy was adopted in 1959 as originally planned. From today's perspective, it was lucky for the great wildlife migration that Grzimek's demands were not heeded.

At the time of their overflights, there were no large herds in the north of the national park. This led the Grzimeks to believe that this section was expendable to the national park. If the boundaries had been drawn up based on their proposals, wildlife migration routes in the north of the national park would have been cut off. Today, however, these are the main grazing grounds in the dry season and guarantee the animals access to the water of the Mara River.

The Grzimeks documented their work in the Oscar-winning film "Serengeti Shall Not Die" and the book of the same name. However, Michael Grzimek never lived to see its completion and success, because in January 1959 he had a fatal accident in the legendary zebra-striped airplane.

Bernhard Grzimek retained his links to Tanzania throughout his life. He was not only a vocal supporter of the Serengeti National Park, but also supported the first ranger school in Tanzania ("Mweka College of African Wildlife Management"). He also promoted conservation in other regions of the country, including Rubondo Island. His engagement in Tanzania marked the beginning of the conservation work of the Frankfurt Zoological Society.

Nature conservation pioneer and national park initiator

Throughout his life, Bernhard Grzimek used his popularity to promote nature conservation and the protection of natural wildlife habitats. Not only in Africa, but in Germany, too. In the 1960s, he launched a campaign against the slaughter of baby seals in Canada and successfully protested the wearing of furs of endangered species. He fought against keeping chickens in battery cages and secretly stuck protest stickers on the menus of restaurants that were still selling turtle soup or frog legs.

His television show "Ein Platz für Tiere" (A Place for Animals), made by the Hessischer Rundfunk channel, attracted high ratings for 25 years. It was also Grzimek's platform for raising funds for the conservation projects of the Frankfurt Zoological Society. Over time this evolved from merely supporting the zoo to become a fully-fledged conservation organization.

In 1969, Bernhard Grzimek became the federal government's first commissioner for nature conservation (1969-73); he used this position to call for a federal nature conservation law. He was also a co-founder of WWF Germany and of Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz (BUND), and president of the Deutscher Naturschutzring DNR (1964-68). In conjunction with Hubert Weinzierl he was instrumental in setting up the first German national park, the Bavarian Forest, which was officially founded in 1970. And together with Horst Stern he established the "Gruppe Ökologie", which basically saw itself as a German version of the Club of Rome.

Bernhard Grzimek died in 1987 while at the circus in Frankfurt. His ashes were taken to Tanzania and buried next to his son Michael on the rim of the Ngorongoro Crater.

Protect natural habitats

Bernhard Grzimek was promoting nature reserves and national parks at a time before anyone was talking about this. Today, we and other scientific organizations such as the IPBES (Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are calling for the protection of intact, natural habitats. This will help us to meet major challenges such as climate change, species extinction and loss of biodiversity. More than 100 countries have already joined the call to place 30 percent of the planet under protection.

Grzimek also asked uncomfortable questions about the direction in which humanity was developing; questions that were later taken up by the Club of Rome and other institutions: How will our planet accommodate the growing population and its demand for natural resources? These are questions to which we need answers even more urgently today than we did then, and which require a global response.

Critical re-examination of Bernhard Grzimek

In the middle of the 20th century, Bernhard Grzimek was instrumental in shaping nature conservation in Germany and in setting up the conservation work of the FZS. One of his core beliefs has since become the mission of our organization: We preserve wildlife and ecosystems, focusing on protected areas and regions of outstanding wilderness.

In 2006, the Frankfurt Zoological Society initiated a historical reappraisal of Bernhard Grzimek's life. The Hamburg academic Claudia Sewig was given unrestricted access to the organization's archives for this purpose. As a result she wrote the biography "Bernhard Grzimek - Der Mann, der die Tiere liebte" (The man who loved animals - Bastei Lübbe, 2009). Likewise, American historian Thomas Lekan was granted access to the FZS archive in order to conduct critical research on Bernhard Grzimek in preparation for his book "Our Gigantic Zoo. A German Quest to Save the Serengeti" (Oxford University Press, 2020).

Bernhard Grzimek used the large and small screen and also numerous books to convey not only his scientific expertise but also his personal opinions. Regardless of his achievements in the field of conservation, some of Bernhard Grzimek's personal beliefs and individual actions are not compatible with the principles and values of the Frankfurt Zoological Society today.

Bernhard Grzimek joined the National Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (NSDAP) in May 1937. He denied this after the war and explicitly claimed in his autobiography ("Auf den Menschen gekommen", 1974) that he had never been a member of any party. Whether Grzimek was a member of the SA remains unclear to this day. There are various contradictory statements about this, but so far no historical evidence has been unearthed.

The Frankfurt Zoological Society condemns all forms of National Socialist ideology and racism. Bernhard Grzimek's party membership, as well as his denial of membership after the war, are not compatible with the principles and values of the FZS, which include honesty and sincerity.

Both the biographer Claudia Sewig and the American historian Thomas Lekan concluded that Grzimek's sole intention in obtaining such membership was to serve his professional career, and that there is no proof of his actively sharing National Socialist ideas.

In an interview with the newspaper Die Welt in April 2009, Sewig stated:

"After the war, it was investigated whether he had been a party member. He was ultimately deemed to have a clean record. This was partly because many anti-Nazis had interceded on his behalf. He was not a committed Nazi. There are no indications of such leanings in his writings - in contrast to Konrad Lorenz, for example.

He did not make racist or anti-Semitic remarks - quite the opposite, in fact. This is confirmed by all who knew him. Nevertheless, he did support euthanasia for those suffering from incurable illness. However, this was a widespread attitude at the time. It was not only Nazis who held such convictions. As for his politics, Grzimek was above all else a careerist. In 1937 he deemed that it was to his advantage to become a party member. He also had meetings with a number of prominent Nazis, but expressed little enthusiasm about them afterwards.

He later mused how he had the opportunity to kill Hitler because the Führer's motorcade frequently drove past his office window. However, he would never have gone through with such a plan because he wanted to survive. He could not have participated in war crimes because he served in a special veterinary unit that took care of army horses."

The Frankfurt Zoological Society distances itself from Bernhard Grzimek's personal views on eugenics, which he set out in his autobiography (Auf den Mensch gekommen, 1974). His opinions are not compatible with the principles and values of the FZS, which include treating all people with respect.

The Frankfurt Zoological Society today

Bernhard Grzimek's achievements in the field of conservation were remarkable. He succeeded in sensitizing whole generations to its importance, and in generating a great deal of enthusiasm for the cause. From the 1960s until his death in 1987, he played a major role in turning the Frankfurt Zoological Society into a conservation organization - initially with just a handful of staff and a relatively modest budget.

Today, FZS is an international organization with over 1,200 employees and contributors in 18 countries. We invest over 20 million euros in nature conservation each year. People from diverse backgrounds work together to protect our planet. Their efforts are based on established scientific findings and internationally recognized and coordinated conservation methods and procedures. They are all committed to our underlying principles and values.

[source: https--fzs.org/en/about-us/history/bernhard-grzimek]

Professor Bernard Grzimek (1909-1987) - Serengeti Shall Not Die

Filmmaker | Zoologist | Conservationist

George Adamson, co-raiser of Elsa the lioness, and husband of "Born Free" author Joy Adamson, visited the Serengeti in the early sixties and describes the experience in "Pride and Joy", his autobiography. At this time he considered it probably the greatest of all game reserves in Africa and one man was mainly responsible - Bernhardt Grzimek, Director of Frankfurt Zoo. The Serengeti had suffered terribly from over-zealous hunting in the 1930's and from large-scale killing of game during the World War II. Grzimek applied himself to the tensions between the Maasai's need for grazing. and the indigenous wildlife. He and his son carried out a massive survey, using planes to quantify the game, and identifying and logging the plantlife. He used his best-seller "Serengeti Shall Not Die" to raise funds and publicise the exercise. Thanks to the Grzimeks, and to John Owen who established a renowned scientific research establishment there, the Serengeti still has an amazing concentration of wildlife to this day.

Courtesy: Wikipedia

Grzimek was born in Neisse (Nysa), Prussian Silesia. After studying veterinary medicine in 1928, first at Leipzig and later in Berlin, Grzimek received a doctorate in 1933. He married Hildegard Prüfer on 17 May 1930 and had three sons: Rochus, Michael, and an adopted son, Thomas.

During World War II he was a veterinarian in the Wehrmacht and worked for the Reichsernährungsministerium (Food Ministry of the 3rd Empire) in Berlin. In early 1945, the Gestapo raided Grzimek's Berlin apartment, because he had repeatedly supplied food to hidden Jews. Grzimek then fled from Berlin to Frankfurt, which was occupied by the U.S. Army. In April 1945 he was appointed police chief of Frankfurt by U.S. authorities, but he refused the job.In late 1947, Grzimek was accused of membership in the NSDAP by the U.S. military government, which he denied. He was then removed from office in the Frankfurt Zoo (see below), fined, and sent for denazification. On 23 March 1948, it was determined that he was innocent (Category 5; Exonerated). He was then reinstated at the Zoo by the U.S. government but his reputation was besmirched. The Zoo Director of Munich, Heinz Heck, led a private smear and lawsuit campaign against him. Grzimek was acquitted of any wrongdoing in 1949.

Grzimek became director of the Frankfurt Zoological Garden on 1 May 1945. The zoo then in ruins and all but 20 animals killed, he prevented the permanent closure of the Frankfurt Zoo and the relocation of the "Center Zoo" to the suburbs. The Zoo reopened on 1 July 1945, after all bomb craters were filled and buildings temporarily restored. With festivals, dances and actors, Grzimek attracted the Frankfurt population and received the assent of the Provisional Government and the U.S. military to continue the Frankfurt Zoo. Grzimek led the Frankfurt Zoo for 29 years, until his retirement on 30 April 1974. He made it into one of the largest zoological gardens in Germany. At the same time he served as president of the Frankfurt Zoological Society for over forty years. The society - organized on similar principles as its London and New York counterparts - runs a number of wildlife conservation projects both in Germany and overseas; most well-known is its ongoing work in the Serengeti ecosystem in Tanzania, East Africa.

In 1954 he founded the image agency Okapia, specialized in animals and nature. Today, the agency specializes in science and employs 650 photographers. The firm is led by Christian Bernhard Grzimek, the son of his son who died in the Serengeti.

Grzimek is most famous for the work he undertook for the conservation of the Serengeti. He spent several years studying the wildlife there along with his son Michael Grzimek, especially on areal observation and counts of large scale annual migrations. The documentary film Serengeti Shall Not Die was written and directed by Bernard and Michael Grzimek and won the Academy Award for Documentary Feature in 1959. In the same year Michael was killed in an air crash while flying the Dornier Do 27 due to a collision with a griffon vulture. Grzimek wrote a best-selling book, Serengeti Shall Not Die, which first appeared in German in 1959 and later in 20 other languages. It appealed enormously to the public and was key in driving the creation of the Serengeti National Park.

He prophesied in his book:

Large cities continue to proliferate. In the coming decades and centuries, men will not travel to view marvels of engineering, but they will leave the dusty towns in order to behold the last places on earth where God's creatures are peacefully living. Countries which have preserved such places will be envied by other nations and visited by streams of tourists. There is a difference between wild animals living a natural life and famous buildings. Palaces can be rebuilt if they are destroyed in wartime, but once the wild animals of the Serengeti are exterminated no power on earth can bring them back.

PUBLICATIONS

Grzimek was the editor-in-chief of (and author of a number of articles in) a massive and monumental encyclopedia of animal life. After publication in Germany in 1968, Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia was translated into English and published in 1975 in 13 volumes (covering lower life forms, insects and other invertebrates, fish, amphibia, reptiles, birds and mammals) plus three additional volumes on Ecology, Ethology and Evolution. The 1975 work was issued in both hardback and less expensive paperback editions and became a standard reference work. After Grzimek's death, the volumes on mammals were revised, and republished in both German and then in English. In 2004, the entire encyclopedia was revised and published in a new and expanded edition with Michael Hutchins as the new editor in chief. All the versions of the encyclopedia are marked by clear and forceful prose, extensive use of illustrations (both drawings and color plates), and a deep love and concern for animal conservation. Of national importance were his work as co-editor (together with Austrian Nobel-prize winner Konrad Lorenz) of the then-largest popular magazine on animals and wildlife in German language, Das Tier (German for "The Animal") and of a very popular television series on wildlife. He also authored a large number of popular books based on his countless experiences with animals which he raised since his student days, managed as zoo director, and encountered in the wild during many research trips.

SUMMARY

Bernhard Grzimek was a renowned Silesian-German zoo director, zoologist, book author, editor, and animal conservationist in post-war Germany. He was the Director of the Frankfurt Zoological Garden for almost 30 years, and the president of the Frankfurt Zoological Society for over 40 years. The society - organised on similar principles as its London and New York counterparts - runs a number of wildlife conservation projects both in Germany and overseas; most well known is its ongoing work in the Serengeti ecosystem in Tanzania.

Grzimek was instrumental in creating and expanding the Serengeti National Park, following his documentary film "Serengeti shall not die", for which he won an Academy Award in 1959.

Grzimek died in Frankfurt in 1987, falling asleep while watching a circus performance with a group of children. His ashes were later transferred to Tanzania and buried next to his son Michael on the rim of the Ngorongoro Crater.

AWARDS & HONOURS

1956: 2 Golden Bear's for Kein Platz für wilde Tiere in the categories International Documentary and Audience Award
1956: German Film Award for Kein Platz für wilde Tiere
1959: Golden Screen for the television program Ein Platz für Tiere
1960: Academy Award (Oscar) for Serengeti Shall Not Die in the category Documentary
1960: Honorary Professor at the Veterinary Faculty Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
1960: Honorary doctorate from Humboldt University of Berlin, "Dr. met. vet. h. c."
1960: Honorary Member of the Scientific Society of Veterinary Medicine of the GDR (WGV)
1963: Gold Medal from New York Zoological Society for "outstanding services in conservation of nature"
1964: Wilhelm Bölsche-Medal for services to the dissemination of science in Germany
1968: Tie Man of the Year
1969: Grand Federal Cross of Merit
1969: Goldene Kamer (German Film & Television Award)
1973: Bambi Award
1978: Inauguration of the new nocturnal animal house in the Frankfurt Zoo under the name Grzimek-House
1981: Honorary Professor of Lomonosov University (Moscow, Russia)
2008: Renaming of a portion of the Frankfurt street Am Tiergarten in Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee

ARTICLES OF INTEREST

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[source: https--legendsandlegaciesofafrica.org/bernardgrzimek.php]